用户是否关闭了 PyQT5 窗口

我正在使用 PyQT5。
告诉我关闭窗口后如何执行某个动作？
我应该在哪里写这个条件，如果我关闭它，然后打印一个短语？
例如，显示短语“程序已关闭”：

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(458, 170)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(30, 40, 191, 31))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(11)
        self.label.setFont(font)
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(250, 50, 171, 21))
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(350, 90, 71, 31))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 458, 21))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.label.setText(
            _translate("MainWindow", "Какое вывести сообщение:"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "Вывести"))


class Example(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.go)

    def go(self):
        text = self.lineEdit.text()
        print(text)

    # когда пользователь закроет программу, должно вывестись сообщение: Программа закрыта.
    # но как узнать когда он закрыл окно и закрыл ли он его вообще?


if __name__ == '__main__':
    application = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = Example()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())