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Uncle_Ragnar
Asked:2020-07-16 19:03:26 +0000 UTC2020-07-16 19:03:26 +0000 UTC

如何在 Django 中正确解析 request.POST？

  • 772

有 Django 2.2，Python 3.7，这是构造：

视图.py

def complex_detail(request, slug):
    object = RealObject.objects.get(slug=slug)
    users = RealUser.objects.filter(department=request.user.department)

    context = {
        'object': object,
        'users': users,
    }
    template = 'objects/object_detail.html'
    return render(request, template, context)

模型文件

class RealObject(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField('Название', max_length=128, db_index=True, unique=True)
    slug = models.SlugField('Идентификатор', max_length=128, db_index=True, unique=True, blank=True)
    author = models.ForeignKey(RealUser, related_name='user_objects', on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, verbose_name='Менеджер')
    object_type = models.ForeignKey(ObjectType, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name='Тип объекта')
    active = models.BooleanField('Активен', default=False)

模板.html

  <form action="complex_detail" method="POST">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <select>
    {% for user in users %}
      {% if user.active == True %}
    <option name="{{ user.last_name }}">{{ user.first_name }} {{ user.last_name }}</option>
      {% endif %}
    {% endfor %}
  </select>
   <input type="submit" role="button" value="Назначить" name="apply">
  </form>

模板 (template.html) 有一个小表单，其中包含一个包含部门员工的下拉列表和“分配”按钮。任务是这样的：有必要将对象的作者更改为我们从列表中选择的作者......

感谢您的关注。

更新

视图.py

def complex_detail(request, slug):
    object = RealObject.objects.get(slug=slug)
    users = RealUser.objects.filter(department=request.user.department)
    form = ChangeAuthorObject(request.user.department, request.POST)

    if 'POST' in request.method:
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
        else:
            form = ChangeAuthorObject(request.user.department)

    context = {
        'object': object,
        'users': users,
        'form': form,
    }
    template = 'objects/object_detail.html'
    return render(request, template, context)

表格.py

class ChangeAuthorObject(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = RealObject
        fields = (
            'author',
        )

        def __init__(self, department, *args, **kwargs):
            super().__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
            self.fields['author'].queryset = RealUser.objects.filter(department=department)

模板.html

<form action="complex_detail" method="POST">
          {% csrf_token %}
          {{ form }}
           <input type="submit" role="button" value="Назначить" name="apply">
          </form>
python-3.x

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    首先：我没有name在select. 选项必须有一个属性value。阅读有关 html 表单的信息

    第二：Django 不适合这种复杂的解决方案。一切都可以轻松得多。使用 django 表单，你会没事的，你不必手动挖掘 POST。

    开始使用表单后，代码将缩短为：

    {# html #}

<form ... >
    {{ form }} 
</form>

    # views.py

def view_method(request, ...):
   ...


   if 'POST' in request.method:
       form = FormClass(request.POST)
       if form.is_valid():
           form.save() # Та-да

   else:
       form = FormClass()
   ...

    # форма примерно так

class FormClass(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = RealObject
        fields = ['author']

    这是一个更灵活的解决方案，更易于维护并且验证已经有效

    2019 年 7 月 22 日更新

    要仅从特定部门中选择用户，请将部门作为表单参数传递并覆盖查询集

    # forms.py

class FormClass(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = RealObject
        fields = ['author']

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        super().__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        department = kwargs.pop('department', None)
        if department:
            self.fields['author'].queryset = RealUser.objects.filter(department=department)

    # views.py

def view_method(request, ...):
   ...

   if 'POST' in request.method:
       form = FormClass(request.POST, department=request.user.department)
       if form.is_valid():
           form.save() # Та-да

   else:
       form = FormClass(department=request.user.department,)
   ...
    • 3

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