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denisnumb
Asked:2022-06-24 04:16:27 +0000 UTC2022-06-24 04:16:27 +0000 UTC

C# WPF：如何以编程方式按下键盘快捷键？

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WPF 应用程序有一个在按下+Test()组合键时调用的方法。CTRLG

test方法调用有效，因为字符串从方法的第一行打印到控制台。

CTRL该方法应该以编程方式按下+组合键A以突出显示任何输入字段中的文本，但事实并非如此。

我尝试了两种方法：

第一：接受字符串的方法System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait()，其中^- CTRL- 根据文档

private void Test(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Console.WriteLine("test");
    SendKeys.SendWait("^A");
}

但是，没有紧迫感。

第二：通过实施user32.dll，解决方案取自这里：

[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
static extern void keybd_event(byte bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, UIntPtr dwExtraInfo);
public static void PressKey(Keys key, bool up)
{
    const int KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY = 0x1;
    const int KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 0x2;
    if (up)
        keybd_event((byte)key, 0x45, KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY | KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, (UIntPtr)0);
    else
        keybd_event((byte)key, 0x45, KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY, (UIntPtr)0);
}

private void Test(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    Console.WriteLine("test");
    PressKey(Keys.ControlKey, up: false);
    PressKey(Keys.A, up: false);
    PressKey(Keys.A, up: true);
    PressKey(Keys.ControlKey, up: true);
}

但在这种情况下，什么也没有发生。

我的错误是什么？

c# wpf

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    keybd_event是一种过时的 Win API 方法，目前的方法是SendInput. 对于第一个，您必须Thread.Sleep(50)在按下和释放键之间实现手动暂停类型，然后它并不总是有效，但它会有效。但是有一个更好的方法。

    其实有一个 NuGet 包InputSimulator，它可以做到这一切，只需安装它并使用一键输出。在内部，它使用相同SendInput的方法，但我已经有自己的现成实现您需要的方法。SendInput顺便说一句，它支持键盘和鼠标模拟。

    赢API

    internal static class NativeMethods
{
    [Flags]
    public enum KeyboardFlags : uint
    {
        None = 0,

        /// <summary>
        /// KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY = 0x0001 (If specified, the scan code was preceded by a prefix byte that has the value 0xE0 (224).)
        /// </summary>
        ExtendedKey = 1,

        /// <summary>
        /// KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 0x0002 (If specified, the key is being released. If not specified, the key is being pressed.)
        /// </summary>
        KeyUp = 2,

        /// <summary>
        /// KEYEVENTF_UNICODE = 0x0004 (If specified, wScan identifies the key and wVk is ignored.)
        /// </summary>
        Unicode = 4,

        /// <summary>
        /// KEYEVENTF_SCANCODE = 0x0008 (Windows 2000/XP: If specified, the system synthesizes a VK_PACKET keystroke. The wVk parameter must be zero. This flag can only be combined with the KEYEVENTF_KEYUP flag. For more information, see the Remarks section.)
        /// </summary>
        ScanCode = 8,
    }

    [Flags]
    public enum MouseFlags : uint
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Specifies that movement occurred.
        /// </summary>
        Move = 0x0001,

        /// <summary>
        /// Specifies that the left button was pressed.
        /// </summary>
        LeftDown = 0x0002,

        /// <summary>
        /// Specifies that the left button was released.
        /// </summary>
        LeftUp = 0x0004,

        /// <summary>
        /// Specifies that the right button was pressed.
        /// </summary>
        RightDown = 0x0008,

        /// <summary>
        /// Specifies that the right button was released.
        /// </summary>
        RightUp = 0x0010,

        /// <summary>
        /// Specifies that the middle button was pressed.
        /// </summary>
        MiddleDown = 0x0020,

        /// <summary>
        /// Specifies that the middle button was released.
        /// </summary>
        MiddleUp = 0x0040,

        /// <summary>
        /// Windows 2000/XP: Specifies that an X button was pressed.
        /// </summary>
        XDown = 0x0080,

        /// <summary>
        /// Windows 2000/XP: Specifies that an X button was released.
        /// </summary>
        XUp = 0x0100,

        /// <summary>
        /// Windows NT/2000/XP: Specifies that the wheel was moved, if the mouse has a wheel. The amount of movement is specified in mouseData. 
        /// </summary>
        VerticalWheel = 0x0800,

        /// <summary>
        /// Specifies that the wheel was moved horizontally, if the mouse has a wheel. The amount of movement is specified in mouseData. Windows 2000/XP:  Not supported.
        /// </summary>
        HorizontalWheel = 0x1000,

        /// <summary>
        /// Windows 2000/XP: Maps coordinates to the entire desktop. Must be used with MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE.
        /// </summary>
        VirtualDesk = 0x4000,

        /// <summary>
        /// Specifies that the dx and dy members contain normalized absolute coordinates. If the flag is not set, dxand dy contain relative data (the change in position since the last reported position). This flag can be set, or not set, regardless of what kind of mouse or other pointing device, if any, is connected to the system. For further information about relative mouse motion, see the following Remarks section.
        /// </summary>
        Absolute = 0x8000,
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct KEYBDINPUT
    {
        public ushort virtualKey;
        public ushort scanCode;
        public KeyboardFlags flags;
        public uint timeStamp;
        public IntPtr extraInfo;
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct MOUSEINPUT
    {
        public int deltaX;
        public int deltaY;
        public uint mouseData;
        public MouseFlags flags;
        public uint time;
        public IntPtr extraInfo;
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct HARDWAREINPUT
    {
        public uint message;
        public ushort wParamL;
        public ushort wParamH;
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
    public struct InputUnion
    {
        [FieldOffset(0)]
        public MOUSEINPUT mouse;
        [FieldOffset(0)]
        public KEYBDINPUT keyboard;
        [FieldOffset(0)]
        public HARDWAREINPUT hardware;
    }
    public enum InputType : int
    {
        Mouse = 0,
        Keyboard = 1,
        Hardware = 2
    }
    public struct INPUT
    {
        public InputType type;
        public InputUnion union;
    }

    public static int SizeOfInput { get; } = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(INPUT));

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    public static extern uint SendInput(int nInputs, INPUT[] pInputs, int cbSize);
}

    现在你可以写这个方法

    public static void ModifiedKeyStroke(Key key, ModifierKeys modifiers = ModifierKeys.None)
{
    static NativeMethods.INPUT BuildINPUT(Key k, NativeMethods.KeyboardFlags flags) => new NativeMethods.INPUT
    {
        type = NativeMethods.InputType.Keyboard,
        union = new NativeMethods.InputUnion { keyboard = new NativeMethods.KEYBDINPUT { virtualKey = (ushort)KeyInterop.VirtualKeyFromKey(k), scanCode = 0, flags = flags, timeStamp = 0, extraInfo = IntPtr.Zero } }
    };
    List<Key> keys = new List<Key>();
    if (modifiers.HasFlag(ModifierKeys.Control)) keys.Add(Key.LeftCtrl);
    if (modifiers.HasFlag(ModifierKeys.Alt)) keys.Add(Key.LeftAlt);
    if (modifiers.HasFlag(ModifierKeys.Shift)) keys.Add(Key.LeftShift);
    if (modifiers.HasFlag(ModifierKeys.Windows)) keys.Add(Key.LWin);
    keys.Add(key);
    NativeMethods.INPUT[] inputs = new NativeMethods.INPUT[keys.Count * 2];
    for (int i = 0; i < keys.Count; i++)
    {
        inputs[i] = BuildINPUT(keys[i], NativeMethods.KeyboardFlags.None);
        inputs[^(i + 1)] = BuildINPUT(keys[i], NativeMethods.KeyboardFlags.KeyUp);
    }
    _ = NativeMethods.SendInput(inputs.Length, inputs, NativeMethods.SizeOfInput);
}

    它看起来很吓人，但这就是微软决定做一些可怕的事情的方式。但它完美无缺。

    如何使用

    Ctrl+C

    ModifiedKeyStroke(Key.C, ModifierKeys.Control);

    Ctrl+Shit+Esc

    ModifiedKeyStroke(Key.Escape, ModifierKeys.Control | ModifierKeys.Shift);

    F

    ModifiedKeyStroke(Key.F);

    顺便说一句，某些组合的使用存在系统限制，例如 using ModifierKeys.Windowsand another type Ctrl+Alt+Del，这禁止了某些应用程序可能在您不知情的情况下更改您的系统密码和其他危险事情的情况。这不能被绕过，如果某些东西不起作用，那么首先要确保这不受 Windows 保护系统的限制。

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