使用 shutil.copytree() 时如何正确设置“忽略”过滤器

您可以“窥视” shutil.ignore_patterns()函数的实现方式：

def ignore_patterns(*patterns):
    """Function that can be used as copytree() ignore parameter.

    Patterns is a sequence of glob-style patterns
    that are used to exclude files"""
    def _ignore_patterns(path, names):
        ignored_names = []
        for pattern in patterns:
            ignored_names.extend(fnmatch.filter(names, pattern))
        return set(ignored_names)
    return _ignore_patterns

并使用相同的原理编写自己的函数。

例如，我们需要复制自某个时间以来已创建/修改的所有文件（包括子目录）：

from shutil import copytree
from datetime import datetime as DT, timedelta
from pathlib import Path

def ignore_files(older_than):
    def _ignore(path, names):
        ignored_names = []
        for name in names:
            file_mtime = (Path(path) / name).stat().st_mtime
            if DT.fromtimestamp(file_mtime) < older_than:
                ignored_names.append(name)
        return set(ignored_names)
    return _ignore

DAYS = 7
older_than = DT.now() - timedelta(days=DAYS)

copytree(r'c:\incoming', r'c:\staging', ignore=ignore_files(older_than))